Azure Data Fundamentals (DP-900) interview questions

Structured fits tables, semi-structured has flexible fields like JSON, unstructured has no fixed format like images and documents.

OLTP handles many small transactions. OLAP handles large analytical queries over history.

Batch processes data in groups on a schedule. Streaming processes events continuously as they arrive.

Splitting data into related tables to reduce duplication and keep it consistent.

DDL defines structure (CREATE, ALTER, DROP). DML changes data (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE).

SQL Database is fully managed PaaS for one database. Managed Instance is near full SQL Server compatibility as PaaS. SQL on a VM is IaaS with full control.

Azure Database for PostgreSQL and Azure Database for MySQL as managed services.

A globally distributed NoSQL database with low latency and several APIs, including NoSQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Gremlin and Table.

The property used to spread data across partitions. A good one has many distinct values and spreads load evenly.

Strong, bounded staleness, session, consistent prefix and eventual, trading consistency for latency and availability.

Blob for objects, ADLS Gen2 for analytics with folders, Files for SMB file shares, Table for simple key-value data.

CSV, JSON, Parquet, Avro and ORC. Parquet is the usual choice for analytics.

A store optimised for analytical queries on cleaned, modelled historical data.

A data lake with warehouse features such as ACID tables and SQL, often using Delta format.

Orchestrating and moving data between sources with pipelines.

An all-in-one SaaS analytics platform on OneLake, covering data engineering, warehousing, real-time analytics and Power BI.

An Apache Spark based analytics platform for big data processing and machine learning.

Ingest with Event Hubs or eventstreams, process with Stream Analytics, Spark or Fabric Real-Time Intelligence, then visualise live.

Building interactive reports and dashboards on top of data models.

Database administrators manage databases, data engineers build pipelines, data analysts create reports and insights.